The Sino-Indian Question". In

Royal Central Asian Journal, Vol. L, Parts III & IV (July-Oct., 1963). CAROE, Olaf Kirkpatrick Kruuse. Description: First appearance in print of the text, illustrated with six detailed maps, of a typically provocative address by Sir Olaf Caroe, one of the leading strategic analysts of the "new Great Game", on the implications of the Simla Convention and the McMahon Line for the Sino-Indian boundary dispute. While serving as foreign secretary in Simla, Caroe was instrumental in resurrecting the line and establishing the contours of future disputes between the governments of Mao and Nehru. Presenting to the Royal Central Asian Society on 12 March 1963, after a sustained period of Sino-Indian brinkmanship and polemical exchanges, Caroe (1892-1981) surveys the history of the north Indian border, drawing from a number of cartographic sources including the draft map signed by McMahon, Ivan Chen and Longchen Shatra at the 1914 convention.

In keeping with his long-standing interest in Tibet, he argues that Chinese claims to the region - claims he suggests lack historical grounding - lie at the heart of Beijing's stance vis-à-vis the disputed boundary. "To my mind, what has happened on the Indian frontier since the occupation of Tibet might to some extent be regarded as a judgement on India for admitting, after some verbal protests, that Tibet was really an integral part of China, which it has never been in history at all" (p. 240). Published by London: Royal Central Asian Society, 1963